{"id":54054,"date":"2026-01-23T18:32:33","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T18:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/harmonics-in-industrial-motor-systems\/"},"modified":"2026-01-28T07:28:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T07:28:30","slug":"endustriyel-motor-sistemlerinde-harmonikler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/endustriyel-motor-sistemlerinde-harmonikler\/","title":{"rendered":"End\u00fcstriyel Motor Sistemlerinde Harmonikler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f: Bozulmu\u015f G\u00fcc\u00fcn Fizi\u011fi<\/h2>\n

\u0130deal bir alternatif ak\u0131m sisteminde, voltaj ve ak\u0131m dalga formlar\u0131 saf sin\u00fcsoidlerdir. Ancak, do\u011frusal olmayan y\u00fckler (VFD\u2019ler, UPS sistemleri) dalga bi\u00e7iminde periyodik bozulmalara neden
\nolur.<\/p>\n

Matematiksel olarak, herhangi bir bozulmu\u015f dalga formu Fourier Serisi<\/strong> ile tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Temel bile\u015fen tork \u00fcretirken, daha y\u00fcksek dereceli bile\u015fenler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0131s\u0131 ve titre\u015fim \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 1: Bozulmay\u0131 G\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme: Saf sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131ndan sapma, \u015faft\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek yerine kay\u0131p\/ \u0131s\u0131nma olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve yal\u0131t\u0131ma zarar verebilen enerjiyi temsil eder.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ekipman Hasar\u0131n\u0131n Matemati\u011fi<\/h2>\n

Harmonikler masum de\u011fildir; asenkron motorlarda belirli ve hesaplanabilir fiziksel gerilmelere yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

Termal Stres ve Deri Etkisi (Skin Effect)<\/h3>\n

Harmonikler RMS ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak klasik I2R \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olur. Hasar ise, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 ak\u0131mlar\u0131n iletkenin y\u00fczeyine \u201cy\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d sonucu etkin direncin artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an Deri Etkisi
\nile h\u0131zlan\u0131r. Bir h harmonik derecesindeki AC direnci Rac \u015fu \u015fekilde yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak hesaplanabilir:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bu, 7. harmonik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, amper ba\u015f\u0131na temel bile\u015fene k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretebilece\u011fi ve yal\u0131t\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0131zla t\u00fcketebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Tork Dalgalanmas\u0131 ve Mekanik Yorgunluk<\/h3>\n

Harmonik ak\u0131mlar, temel manyetik ak\u0131 ile etkile\u015ferek parazitik tork bile\u015fenleri olu\u015fturur. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc dizi bile\u015fenine (sequence) ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Pozitif Dizi<\/strong> (h = 1,7,13…): Motorla ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde d\u00f6ner.<\/li>\n
  • Negatif Dizi<\/strong> (h = 5,11,17…): Motora kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6nde d\u00f6ner (manyetik frenleme etkisi).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Net tork (Tnet), z\u0131t etkilerin toplam\u0131 haline gelir:<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"
    \u015eekil 2: Spektral Analiz: 5. ve 7. harmonikler end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda s\u0131kl\u0131kla bask\u0131nd\u0131r ve parazitik torkun temel kaynaklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    G\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyeni G\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmek: Simetrik Bile\u015fenler<\/h2>\n

    Mekanik olarak hizal\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bir motorun neden titre\u015fti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in Simetrik Bile\u015fenlere bakmak gerekir. Artesis, 3 fazl\u0131 sistemi (Va, Vb, Vc) Pozitif (V1), Negatif (V2) ve S\u0131f\u0131r (V0) dizi bile\u015fenlerine ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Fortescue D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong>n\u00fc kullan\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"
    \u015eekil 3: Faz\u00f6r Analizi: Negatif dizi ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmesi, m\u00fchendislerin rotor a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilen \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnmez\u201d frenleme etkilerini g\u00f6rmesini sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Artesis \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc: Model Tabanl\u0131 ESA<\/h2>\n

    Geleneksel titre\u015fim sens\u00f6rleri, rulman veya mekanik bile\u015fenlerde hasar belirginle\u015fene kadar bu k\u00f6k nedenleri yakalamakta gecikebilir. Artesis cihazlar\u0131, THD (Toplam Harmonik Bozulma) ve Simetrik Bile\u015fenleri ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in u\u00e7ta (edge) y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 DSP hesaplamalar\u0131 yapan \u00f6zel bir Yonga \u00dcst\u00fc Sistem (SoC)<\/strong> kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu veriler, karma\u015f\u0131k elektriksel verileri aksiyon al\u0131nabilir i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fclere<\/strong> d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren OmniSight<\/strong> platformunda g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

    \"\"
    \u015eekil 4: Artesis OmniSight: \u201cElektriksel Performans\u201d g\u00f6sterge paneli, g\u00fc\u00e7 kalitesi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na an\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck sa\u011flar ve THD s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131zaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeden \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma: Neden Artesis?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u00d6zellik<\/th>\nTitre\u015fim Sens\u00f6r\u00fc<\/th>\nG\u00fc\u00e7 Analiz\u00f6r\u00fc<\/th>\nArtesis e-MCM<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Mekanik Ar\u0131zalar\u0131 Tespit Eder<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Harmonik Kaynakl\u0131 Is\u0131nmay\u0131 Tespit Eder<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    G\u00fc\u00e7 Kalitesini (PQ) Sa\u011fl\u0131kla \u0130li\u015fkilendirir<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Model Tabanl\u0131 Te\u015fhis<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Tablo 1:<\/strong> Teknolojik Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma
    \n<\/em><\/p>\n

    Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n

    Harmonikler; \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcreten, d\u00f6nmeye kar\u015f\u0131 koyan ve mekanik bile\u015fenleri yoran ger\u00e7ek bir fiziksel zorlamad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca RMS ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izlemek bu risklerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

    Elektriksel \u0130mza Analizi (ESA)<\/strong> ile Model Tabanl\u0131 Ar\u0131za Tespiti<\/strong>ni entegre eden Artesis teknolojisi, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmezi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lar. Bak\u0131m ekiplerinin harmoniklerin neden oldu\u011fu termal stresi, yal\u0131t\u0131m bozulmadan veya rulmanlar kritik hasar almadan \u00f6nce<\/em> tespit etmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Giri\u015f: Bozulmu\u015f G\u00fcc\u00fcn Fizi\u011fi \u0130deal bir alternatif ak\u0131m sisteminde, voltaj ve ak\u0131m dalga formlar\u0131 saf sin\u00fcsoidlerdir. Ancak, do\u011frusal olmayan y\u00fckler (VFD\u2019ler, UPS sistemleri) dalga bi\u00e7iminde periyodik bozulmalara..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":53999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artesis-2","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54054"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54093,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054\/revisions\/54093"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artesis.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}